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BÀI TẬP THEO CHUYÊN ĐỀ VÀ ĐỀ LUYỆN THI VÀO 10 Page 1
Teacher: Bui Thi Kim Thuy Bien Giang Secondary School
CẤU TRÚC NGỮ PHÁP THÔNG DỤNG ÔN THI VÀO 10
1. S + began / started + to V/ V-ing + ….
Viết lại thành: S + have/has + P2 / V3
been Ving+ for / since …
Ví dụ: She began to play the piano 5 years ago
=> She has played/ has been playing the piano for 5 years.
2. S + last + Ved + time+ ago: lần cuối cùng làm gì
=> S + have/ has +not+ V3+ ……….
=> It’s + time+ since + S + last + Ved/V2.
=> The last time + S + V ed+ was +khoảng t/g+ ago.
+ in/at/on + mốc t/g
Ví dụ: It last snowed 2 weeks ago.
=> It hasn’t snowed for 2 weeks
=> It’s 2 weeks since it last snowed.
=> The last time it snowed was 2 weeks ago.
3. This is the first time + S +have/has+P2/V3: Lần đầu làm gì
=> S +have/ has + never + P2/V3+ before
=> S+ have/ has not+ P2/V3+ before
Ví dụ: This is the first time I have met him
=> I have never met him before.
=> I haven’t met him before.
4. This is the Superlative (…est/ most ADJ + N) S +have/has+ ever + P2
=> S +have/ has + never + P2/V3+ such a/an+ ADJ+ N
=> S+ have/ has never+ P2+ a more + ADJ (SHORT Adj-er) + N + than this (one/N)
This is the most interesting novel I have ever read.
=> I have never read such an interesting novel.
=> I have never read a more interesting novel than this (one/ novel)BÀI TẬP THEO CHUYÊN ĐỀ VÀ ĐỀ LUYỆN THI VÀO 10 Page 2
Teacher: Bui Thi Kim Thuy Bien Giang Secondary School
Cấu trúc 5,6,7,8 thay thế cho nhau linh hoạt.
5. S + Be/V + too + adj/adv + (for someone) + to do something: Quá….để cho ai làm
gì…
Ví dụ:
– The top shelf is too high for the children to reach.
– He ran too fast for me to follow.
6. S + Be/V + so + adj/ adv + that + S + V+O: Quá… đến nỗi mà…
Ví dụ:
– The top shelf is so high that the children cannot not reach it.
– He ran so fast that I could not follow him.
Notes: Trong cấu trúc So… that: vế sau that là mệnh đề mới nên cần có thêm O sau V nên
ta có reach it và follow him, trong khi đó ở cấu trúc “too” thì không, các em hết sức lưu ý.
Còn cấu trúc S + Be/V + so + many/much/little/few +N + that + S + V + O.
Ví dụ: She has so much work to do that she cannot go out with me tonight.
She has so many things to do that she cannot go out with me tonight
7. It + Be/V + such + (a/an) + (adj) + N(s) + that + S + V +O: Quá… đến nỗi mà…
Ví dụ:
– It is such a high top shelf that the children cannot reach it.
– He was such a fast runner that I could not follow him
8. S + Be/V + adj/ adv + enough + (for someone) + to-V/ do something: Đủ… cho ai đó
làm gì…
Chúng ta thường lấy ADJ đối nghĩa của ADJ cho sẵn trong câu “too” để dùng tạo câu mới.
Ví dụ: She is too young to get married.
=> She isn’t old enough to get married.
9. It’s adj (for Sb) to-V/ do sth: Ai đó làm gì như thế nào?
S + be + busy + V-ing
=> Doing sth be ADJ (for sb)
=> S+ find +Ving/ it/ N + ADJ to-V/ do sth
Ví dụ: It’s difficult for me to wake up early in the morning.
=> Waking up early in the morning is difficult for me.BÀI TẬP THEO CHUYÊN ĐỀ VÀ ĐỀ LUYỆN THI VÀO 10 Page 3
Teacher: Bui Thi Kim Thuy Bien Giang Secondary School
=> I find waking up early in the morning difficult.
=> I find it difficult to wake up in the morning.
(với N) I find English interesting to study.
Ví dụ: It’s cool to try your best for what you want.
=> Trying your best for what you want is cool.
I find it cool to try your best for what you want.
10. S+ should/ ought to/ had better+ V
Or If I were you,…
=> It’s time for sb to do sth
=> It’s (high/ about) time S+ did/V2 sth. (thể hiện sự phàn nàn, chê trách “sao tới bây
giờ mà vẫn chưa làm?”)
Ví dụ: You’d better go right now.
=> It’s time for you to go now.
=> It’s time you went now.
=> If I were you, I would go now.
11. Although/ Though/ Even though + clause (S+V)
=> Despite / In spite of+ Noun/gerund (Ving)
=> Despite/ in spite of the fact that S+ V,….
Ví dụ: Although they don’t have money, they still live happily.
=> Despite no money/ having no money, they still live happily.
=> In spite of the fact that they don’t have money, they still live happily.
12. S + V + so that/ in order that+ S + V (chỉ mục đích)
=> S + V + to + V/ in order to + V/ so as to + V
Ví dụ: She studies hard in order that she can pass the final examination.
=> She studies hard to pass the final examination
13. There’s no point in V-ing: không đáng, không có ích khi làm gì?
=> It’s no good/ no use V-ingBÀI TẬP THEO CHUYÊN ĐỀ VÀ ĐỀ LUYỆN THI VÀO 10 Page 4
Teacher: Bui Thi Kim Thuy Bien Giang Secondary School
=> It’s not worth V-ing
Ví dụ: There’s no point in arguing.
=> It’s no good/ no use arguing
=> It’s not worth arguing
14. Các cấu trúc liên quan đến câu gián tiếp
– Đề nghị: Suggest
Shall we+ V…./Let’s+ V…/How/What about+ Ving…./Why don’t we + V …
=> S+ suggested+ Ving: đề nghị cùng làm gì.
Ví dụ: “Why don’t we go out for a walk?” said the boy.
=> The boy suggested going out for a walk
– Gợi ý cho người khác: “Why don’t you+ Vo?”
=> S+ suggested+ that+ S+( should/shouldn’t)+ V
Ví dụ: “Why don’t you have a rest?” he said to her
=> He suggested that she should have a rest.
BÀI TẬP THEO CHUYÊN ĐỀ VÀ ĐỀ LUYỆN THI VÀO 10 Page 1
Teacher: Bui Thi Kim Thuy Bien Giang Secondary School
CẤU TRÚC NGỮ PHÁP THÔNG DỤNG ÔN THI VÀO 10
1. S + began / started + to V/ V-ing + ….
Viết lại thành: S + have/has + P2 / V3
been Ving+ for / since …
Ví dụ: She began to play the piano 5 years ago
=> She has played/ has been playing the piano for 5 years.
2. S + last + Ved + time+ ago: lần cuối cùng làm gì
=> S + have/ has +not+ V3+ ……….
=> It’s + time+ since + S + last + Ved/V2.
=> The last time + S + V ed+ was +khoảng t/g+ ago.
+ in/at/on + mốc t/g
Ví dụ: It last snowed 2 weeks ago.
=> It hasn’t snowed for 2 weeks
=> It’s 2 weeks since it last snowed.
=> The last time it snowed was 2 weeks ago.
3. This is the first time + S +have/has+P2/V3: Lần đầu làm gì
=> S +have/ has + never + P2/V3+ before
=> S+ have/ has not+ P2/V3+ before
Ví dụ: This is the first time I have met him
=> I have never met him before.
=> I haven’t met him before.
4. This is the Superlative (…est/ most ADJ + N) S +have/has+ ever + P2
=> S +have/ has + never + P2/V3+ such a/an+ ADJ+ N
=> S+ have/ has never+ P2+ a more + ADJ (SHORT Adj-er) + N + than this (one/N)
This is the most interesting novel I have ever read.
=> I have never read such an interesting novel.
=> I have never read a more interesting novel than this (one/ novel)BÀI TẬP THEO CHUYÊN ĐỀ VÀ ĐỀ LUYỆN THI VÀO 10 Page 2
Teacher: Bui Thi Kim Thuy Bien Giang Secondary School
Cấu trúc 5,6,7,8 thay thế cho nhau linh hoạt.
5. S + Be/V + too + adj/adv + (for someone) + to do something: Quá….để cho ai làm
gì…
Ví dụ:
– The top shelf is too high for the children to reach.
– He ran too fast for me to follow.
6. S + Be/V + so + adj/ adv + that + S + V+O: Quá… đến nỗi mà…
Ví dụ:
– The top shelf is so high that the children cannot not reach it.
– He ran so fast that I could not follow him.
Notes: Trong cấu trúc So… that: vế sau that là mệnh đề mới nên cần có thêm O sau V nên
ta có reach it và follow him, trong khi đó ở cấu trúc “too” thì không, các em hết sức lưu ý.
Còn cấu trúc S + Be/V + so + many/much/little/few +N + that + S + V + O.
Ví dụ: She has so much work to do that she cannot go out with me tonight.
She has so many things to do that she cannot go out with me tonight
7. It + Be/V + such + (a/an) + (adj) + N(s) + that + S + V +O: Quá… đến nỗi mà…
Ví dụ:
– It is such a high top shelf that the children cannot reach it.
– He was such a fast runner that I could not follow him
8. S + Be/V + adj/ adv + enough + (for someone) + to-V/ do something: Đủ… cho ai đó
làm gì…
Chúng ta thường lấy ADJ đối nghĩa của ADJ cho sẵn trong câu “too” để dùng tạo câu mới.
Ví dụ: She is too young to get married.
=> She isn’t old enough to get married.
9. It’s adj (for Sb) to-V/ do sth: Ai đó làm gì như thế nào?
S + be + busy + V-ing
=> Doing sth be ADJ (for sb)
=> S+ find +Ving/ it/ N + ADJ to-V/ do sth
Ví dụ: It’s difficult for me to wake up early in the morning.
=> Waking up early in the morning is difficult for me.BÀI TẬP THEO CHUYÊN ĐỀ VÀ ĐỀ LUYỆN THI VÀO 10 Page 3
Teacher: Bui Thi Kim Thuy Bien Giang Secondary School
=> I find waking up early in the morning difficult.
=> I find it difficult to wake up in the morning.
(với N) I find English interesting to study.
Ví dụ: It’s cool to try your best for what you want.
=> Trying your best for what you want is cool.
I find it cool to try your best for what you want.
10. S+ should/ ought to/ had better+ V
Or If I were you,…
=> It’s time for sb to do sth
=> It’s (high/ about) time S+ did/V2 sth. (thể hiện sự phàn nàn, chê trách “sao tới bây
giờ mà vẫn chưa làm?”)
Ví dụ: You’d better go right now.
=> It’s time for you to go now.
=> It’s time you went now.
=> If I were you, I would go now.
11. Although/ Though/ Even though + clause (S+V)
=> Despite / In spite of+ Noun/gerund (Ving)
=> Despite/ in spite of the fact that S+ V,….
Ví dụ: Although they don’t have money, they still live happily.
=> Despite no money/ having no money, they still live happily.
=> In spite of the fact that they don’t have money, they still live happily.
12. S + V + so that/ in order that+ S + V (chỉ mục đích)
=> S + V + to + V/ in order to + V/ so as to + V
Ví dụ: She studies hard in order that she can pass the final examination.
=> She studies hard to pass the final examination
13. There’s no point in V-ing: không đáng, không có ích khi làm gì?
=> It’s no good/ no use V-ingBÀI TẬP THEO CHUYÊN ĐỀ VÀ ĐỀ LUYỆN THI VÀO 10 Page 4
Teacher: Bui Thi Kim Thuy Bien Giang Secondary School
=> It’s not worth V-ing
Ví dụ: There’s no point in arguing.
=> It’s no good/ no use arguing
=> It’s not worth arguing
14. Các cấu trúc liên quan đến câu gián tiếp
– Đề nghị: Suggest
Shall we+ V…./Let’s+ V…/How/What about+ Ving…./Why don’t we + V …
=> S+ suggested+ Ving: đề nghị cùng làm gì.
Ví dụ: “Why don’t we go out for a walk?” said the boy.
=> The boy suggested going out for a walk
– Gợi ý cho người khác: “Why don’t you+ Vo?”
=> S+ suggested+ that+ S+( should/shouldn’t)+ V
Ví dụ: “Why don’t you have a rest?” he said to her
=> He suggested that she should have a rest.
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- Các cấu trúc Tiếng Anh lớp 9 thi vào 10 cho 2k8 PDF
